Thursday, August 27, 2020

KatrinaHealth Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

KatrinaHealth - Research Paper Example This mind-boggling demolition caused occupants and evacuees diploid of numerous essential needs which incorporates â€Å"medication history, their homes, BUSINESSES, they were intellectually upset outcome of typhoon Katrina, they confronted potential medical issues like â€Å"Population Displacement, Drinking Water, West Nile Virus, Emotional Fallout Toxic Contaminants† A conspicuous and pressing need was to fix these clinical and every single related issue and to settle them in like manner. The outcome was out molded as â€Å"KATRINA HEALTH† which was started as on online support of help individuals influenced by storm, working with wellbeing experts to increase a type of access to their lost clinical history they were utilizing before storm and to recover it, along these lines they will be relieved likewise in future. KATRINA HEALTH was made conceivable with the help of bureaucratic, neighborhood and state governments in a joint effort with national establishment and associations of clinical related experts (Boyle, 2001). History discloses to us that â€Å"medical experts and wellbeing related bodies and open figures were a lot of on edge to investigate ways by which they can assist evacuees, with restoring clinical records, they step sent for this assignment and MARKLE FOUNDATION EXECUTIVES considered the leader of a few organizations that had clinical information, for example, the NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CHAIN DRUG STORES (NACDs), CHIEF administrators officials, â€Å"Sure scripts† (kept up an arrangement of e-recommending on the web organize inclusion) , â€Å"Rx hub† (kept a drug store record of patients and courses it electronically to doctors at better places like emergency clinics and so on) and Veterans Health Administration (had its own national arrangement of e-records for the individuals who look for care through its framework) were additionally reached and â€Å"GOLD standard†( oversaw Medicaid medicine and information or data with a safe entryway framework for MISSIS SIOI) , EXECUTIVE officials

Saturday, August 22, 2020

The American food stamp program should continue and the World Food Term Paper

The American food stamp program should proceed and the World Food Program should keep supporting and financing it - Term Paper Example erly individuals or the disabled.â conversely with different methods tried activities that are explicit to specific gatherings of low-pay families/people, practically all low-salary families can profit by the program. This paper will endeavor to investigate and unveil the advantages of the program and why it has the right to be subsidized long haul; this while the point will be to protect and bolster the enthymeme that has been expressed previously. 1.0 Introduction According to Ohls and Beebout (2009), the food stamp program is an activity of the American government that was started in 1989. From that point forward it has become a focal segment of America’s open help framework that serves more than 30 million members of low pay families and has costs of over $25 billion. It is fundamentally intended to offer some type of help to low salary families and low pay families on the sole premise that they require monetary guide to have suppers and eat independent old enough, race, statement of faith, sex and handicap (Ohls and Beebout, 2009). It is additionally seen as the foundation of practically all sustenance help programs started by the central government, just as being the center line of resistance against poor nourishment, hunger and if essential, starvation. The program enables s to bring down salary families gain an assortment of food items at retail (Slomba, 2008). It is additionally alluded to (authoritatively) as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), and there are two key viewpoints that are analyzed so as to decide one’s qualification. These are resources and pay (Ronald, 2007). The other basis applied is the gross pay redline, which is set at a specific level of the neediness level (typically 130%). In 2009, government citizens contributed $56 billion towards the program, multiple occasions the $18... As indicated by the examination discoveries the food stamp program is an activity of the American government that was started in 1989. From that point forward it has become a focal segment of America’s open help framework that serves more than 30 million members of low pay families and has costs of over $25 billion. It is fundamentally intended to offer some type of help to low salary families and low pay family units on the sole premise that they require money related guide to have dinners and eat independent old enough, race, statement of faith, sex and incapacity. It is likewise seen as the foundation of practically all sustenance help programs started by the government, just as being the center line of safeguard against poor nourishment, hunger and if fundamental, starvation. The program enables s to bring down pay families gain an assortment of food items at retail. It is likewise alluded to (formally) as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), and there are two key angles that are inspected so as to decide one’s qualification. These are resources and pay. The other basis applied is the gross pay redline, which is set at a specific level of the neediness level (typically 130%). In 2009, government citizens contributed $56 billion towards the program, multiple occasions the $18 billion it cost them in 2000. Likewise in 2009, a family unit of four was ensured a greatest month to month payment of $668. At present, the quantity of recipients is just about 30 million, denoting a colossal ascent since the 17 million recorded in the year 2000.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Research Essay Proposal

Research Essay ProposalA good research essay proposal must be rich with material and should be ready by the deadline set for submission. A quality research proposal should contain data, as well as ideas, thoughts, and the writing style.It is important to use a template for your research essay proposal. This template will allow you to organize all of your information on the research paper, to make it easier to read. The template should be clear, with the needed information included in it. The template can then be filled out.If the project manager has not started the proposal yet, the team should have a meeting first. They should discuss the project and why they feel it needs to be completed in the short amount of time allowed for submission. This is a good time to show the project manager exactly what needs to be done in order to get the project completed.A brainstorming session should be scheduled for the week prior to the team meeting. This will help to ensure that everyone is organ ized and on the same page before the project manager comes. Some team members may want to bring their own suggestions so they are able to add to the proposal, but you should all discuss how this will be handled.Budgeting should be another important aspect of the proposal. Depending on the type of project, each team member will be required to prepare a proposal. Your project manager will require the proposal to cover the entire scope of the project and will assign a certain amount of money to each person that is involved in the project. The budget should be easily measurable, so that there is no confusion as to who is responsible for the project. Your budget should be detailed so that the project manager can look at it again, until he/she has a clear picture of how much money needs to be allocated.Your research paper should outline exactly what your company does and how it contributes to the world around us. The purpose of the research paper is to highlight your company and how it ma kes a difference. Your research paper should highlight any successes that you have had and how your business is doing now. Some companies may want to research the effectiveness of their advertising campaigns, so that they can offer feedback to the public.Once your research paper is complete, your project manager will be happy to receive it. It is important to take some time during the week before the presentation to revise your essay. Have your revisions ready to review before hand. If there are any mistakes, make sure to correct them before hand.After the presentation, the project manager will be happy to review your work and tell you whether or not the project is going to move forward. If your project gets the green light, the project manager will tell you what he/she thinks about the project. In order to keep the project moving, keep in mind the deadlines for both the project and yourself.

Monday, May 25, 2020

Analysis Of The Book Learning From The Reformation

Laura Womack April 24, 2015 Dr. Crutcher Special Topics E-Book Essay: â€Å"Learning from the Reformation† The Reformation is still influencing our lives today whether we know it or not. The arguments that come from this era are still present in today’s society, which include and range from theology, economy, politics, and family life. Motivation for the Reformation came from the ancient world. The thinkers of this time sought to restore the spiritual purity of early Christianity. Some of the leading people in this time of the Reformation include Desiderius Erasmus, Martin Luther, Ulrich Zwingli, Ignatius Loyola, John Calvin, Henry VIII, Leo X, and Elizabeth I. The Reformation which took place mostly during the 1500s is yet still in many ways contributing to the influence of modernism. In this essay one will look at the impact of some of the comprehensive strokes that the Reformation continues to have in today’s society. First off let’s start with what led up to the reformation in the collapse and end of the middle ages. In the 1000’s there were more lords than there was land. These Lords hoped of owning land however this hope of owning land did not seem quite possible until the beginning of the Crusades. Various church authorities encouraged a conquest of the Holy Land, but this large string of conflicts was essentially unsuccessful. In the first crusade, they did manage to take control of Jerusalem however the second crusades accomplished nothing. In the third crusade, thereShow MoreRelatedThe Story of Christianity by Justo Gonzalez925 Words   |  4 PagesThe Story of Christianity is a book written by Justo Gonzalez; a native of Cuba. Gonzalez serves on the faculty of the Interdenominational Theological Center which is located in Atlanta Georgia. He attended Yale University, where he received his M.A. and Ph.D. in historical theology; in fact Dr. Gonzalez is the youngest person at Y ale to be awarded a Ph.D. He is also one of the first generation Latino theologians and instead of growing up Catholic, comes from a protestant background. In additionRead MoreIn Class We Have Spent A Lot Of Time Learning And Discussing1100 Words   |  5 PagesIn class we have spent a lot of time learning and discussing Martin Luther’s life and the important role that he played in the protestant reformation. Martin Luther was someone who saw many issues throughout the Catholic Church. Martin Luther was a monk and scholar who was in Wittenburg. In 1517 Luther penned the 95 theses to the door of a catholic church this document attacked the Catholic Church’s corrupt practice of selling â€Å"indulgences† to absolve sin. He felt that religion should be more personalRead More Reformation in continental Europe and England and its consequences1616 Words   |  7 Pages Reformation is the religious revolution that took place in Western Europe in the 16th century. It arose from objections to doctrines and practices in the medieval church, loss of papal authority and credibility as well as other societal, political and economical issues of the time. This revolution had a major impact on Europe and it gave way to short term and long-term consequences, which still can be seen today. There were many causes of Reformation, some go as far back as the fourteenth centuryRead MoreReformation in Continental Europe and England and Its Consequences1611 Words   |  7 PagesReformation is the religious revolution that took place in Western Europe in the 16th century. It arose from objections to doctrines and practices in the medieval church, loss of papal authority and credibility as well as other societal, political and economical issues of the time. This revolution had a major impact on Europe and it gave way to short term and long-term consequences, which still can be seen today. There were many causes of Reformation, some go as far back as the fourteenth centuryRead MoreSuppressed Darkness On The Medieval Mind Map1582 Words   |  7 PagesEmpire- when the eastern world seemed to have plummeted into an age of regression and darkness. Manchester’s central proposition was â€Å"The power of the medieval mind had been irrevocably broken† (295). The dimensions of the medieval mind were cloaked from the outside world and suppressed by the ever-powerful dogmas of the Catholic Church, for there â€Å"was no room for doubt; the possibility of skepticism simply did not exist† (20). At the same time, a new â€Å"era† was rising in Europe, accompanied by an increasingRead MoreGreat Innovators Essay1414 Words   |  6 PagesGutenberg’s time could read. But he was determined to be able to read. The only books back then were written by hand by monks and were very hard to come by. These books were also very expensive and would take a couple months to make. Because of this inconvenience, all books were preordered ahead of time so that the monks could have enough time to write them and get them to the person buying them when they needed the book. Gutenberg had a few other jobs before he became an inventor. He was a gemstoneRead MoreEssay about Jamestown Project1374 Words   |  6 Pageshistory. From the motivations to the lasting effects, she gives an accurate account of all components involved in Jamestown. Also, there is a chapter devoted to the Native American experience, which shows a non-Western view of events. The book is written in a format that is easily read but also compacted with information. More importantly she puts Jamestown in its right place in United State’s and British history, as the foundation of colonial United States and the British Empire. In this book, KuppermanRead MoreThe Decline Of The Roman Catholic Church2099 Words   |  9 Pagesinfluence in the world, the Catholic Church has had its self-government challenged. C. One of the most notable was during the English Reformation. D. The dissolution of monasteries by King Henry VIII changed the landscape of the economy and created social instability throughout England. II. The landscape of the 16th century Europe was changing dramatically from the landscape that had existed for centuries before. A. Institutions were being challenged, the status quo was changing, and the feudalRead MoreEssay on The Role Of Women in the Renaissance1645 Words   |  7 Pagesof a great deal more. It was a time of awakening from the intellectual darkness of the medieval order and the emergence of many of the concepts that would form the basis for civilization as it is known today. The era saw the birth of new attitudes concerning the role of man in his relationship to the world and to God. Unfortunately, for the most part, the expansion of the role of man did not include the role of women. Renaissance (from the French for rebirth) is a term coined in the nineteenthRead MoreThe Historical Developments That Truly Defines The Renaissance As Rebirth1443 Words   |  6 PagesRenaissance rebirth. It assigns especially to the rebirth of learning that began in Italy in the fourteenth century, spread to the north, counting England, by the sixteenth century, and ended in the mid-seventeenth century. the Renaissance was more than a rebirth. First historical development that truly define the Renaissance as rebirth is The compass. It’s important for navigation. Printing press is key in spreading info such as books. Second, the hundred years’ war, this lasting conflict between

Friday, May 15, 2020

Interpreting The Results And Remediation - 1512 Words

Interpreting the results and remediation. After the vulnerability assessment has taken place it is time to interpret the results of the scan. This is where the organization finds out what the vulnerabilities of their network are. The vulnerabilities that were found in the process of the assessment must be categorized, most vulnerability scanners will produce reports that will list and categorize the threats that were found, this is also called threat modeling which we will get into in the next section. Once these results are analyzed the next step is to start remediating the vulnerabilities. Just like any other updates, the remediation of vulnerabilities should be scheduled, change management is a very important part of an organizations IT†¦show more content†¦Once the scans are complete and the current vulnerabilities are patched it is a good idea to implement a regular scanning schedule, once per month is an acceptable frequency to scan the network for new vulnerabilities. Vulnerability assessment is a continuous cycle due do new vulnerabilities being discovered every day, organizations must stay on top of their game if they want their organization to remain secure. Figure 1 illustrates the continuous cycle of vulnerability assessment. Modeling and Determining Threats Threat modeling is a way to categorize threats using a structured approach to address the threats with the most potential to do damage to a network. An example of a threat model that is commonly used to rate threats is DREAD, this acronym stands for Damage, Reproducibility, Exploitability, Affected users, and Discoverability. Each of these categories is assessed a value from 0-10 with 0 being nothing and the being the most serious risk. (OWASP, n.d.) An approach such as this will assist an organization in determining the importance and priority of threats on their network. Another commonly used threat model is STRIDE, as seen in Table 2. The following sections will walk through the entire process of threat modeling. Identifying Assets To model threats, the organization will need to identify their assets. The assets will typically be critical

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Monetary Policy Adopted On Bubble Economy Period Of...

The topic of this dissertation is to discuss the monetary policy adopted in bubble economy period of Japanese. As Japanese economics is a specific example around the world. The Japanese government adopted many effective ways to revitalize the economy with the result that its economy rose abruptly after the World war II. However, because Japan entered a liquidity trap around 1990s, and experienced a â€Å"Lost Decade† (Hiyashi and Prescott, 2002), the government experienced many economic problems such as of slow growth, deflation, and continues nethermore output (Daniel, 2009) In this dissertation, the following parts will be given: Literature review, data description, test result discussion and conclusion. Briefly speaking, the literature†¦show more content†¦Finally, a conclusion will be provided at the end of this section. At the end of this dissertation, there is a final conclusion will be given, the conclusion will cover the reason whether the monetary policy adopted by Bank of Japan was wrong. It will also give some suggestions about the monetary policy according to Japan’s economy. In general, the point of this dissertation is to focus on the monetary policy of Japan during bubble economy period and to identify whether Bank of Japan did right or wrong in such period. Literature Review The background of Japanese Monetary policy in Bubble economy period As Walsh (2003) said that, ‘a social loss function dependent on inflation and output gap is the appropriate objective of monetary policy’ which indicates that the level of inflation and output are the major factors that affect monetary policy of all countries. Moreover, Castelnuovo and Surico (2010) claimed that inflation are the key elements to decided a monetary policy for a county. For the Japan economy, it experienced a disaster during the period 1986-1991, which named Japanese asset price bubble (Wood, Christopher, 2005). It leaded a long term economic depression japan after that. The main reason for the bubble economy is the extremely high inflation rate and output. As mentioned before, Japan was sustained a rapid development after world war II, the main industry of Japan is manufacturing industry. After the Plaza Accord

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Readiness to Change Quality and Strategic Process Improvement

Question: Discuss about the Readiness to Changefor Quality and Strategic Process Improvement. Answer: Introduction: Readiness to change an organization had been defined as a multi standard construct that indicated the collective commitment of the members of the organization to undergo changes. It had been considered as a function of variables depending on the importance given by the members and how cordially they had appraised the primary determinants of the implementation means, like the resource availability, task demands and the situational factors (Madsen, John Miller, 2014). Various strategies had been recommended by experts to create the priority of establishing the change in an organization, unlike the readiness to change individually. The organizational one had not been much in debate for pervasive empirical study or theoretical developments, with limited scientific basis, that were needed to be unfolded (Vakola, 2014). In the following report the concept had been discussed, critically analyzed with its scope and impacts of the improvement of the method including professional and personal experiences reviewing relevant books and journals. Background: The readiness to change by the change management process was the continuance of activities or steps that were followed by project leaders and management teams such that the projects catch up its desired outcomes and individual transitions. It was important to measure the performances of the members and find out the levels and for that reason strategies for change could be imposed to detect the effective problems early (Bamford Forrester, 2010). The following elements had been determined for a successful change according to Proscis 3-Phase Process- Preparing for change, where the change management study was defined, preparation for the change in team and the sponsorship model was described. (Narciso Allison, 2014) Managing change, where the changes in plans were developed with implementing and taking actions for the plans. Reinforcing change, where the feedbacks were collected and analyzed, the manage resistance and gaps were diagnosed and celebration of success and implementation of the corrective actions had been done (Abdulkadhim et al., 2015). Establishing of Scope and its Impacts: Like any other methodology and disciplines, establishing of the scope for the readiness to change was also important. Distinctions were needed to differentiate what activities fall in the change management and what went according with the readiness to change (Sanchez Blanco, 2014). The problem that aroused for the readiness to change from the side of the small and medium size enterprises or the SME, were that they their properties were not mutually exclusive and indicated self reinforcing driving systems that had restricted their capability to get changed by some factors. The factors were concentrating mostly on the strong aspects to change, supplied by control and command management style, neglecting the proactive approach and choosing the reactive ones (Ates Bititci, 2011). The capability to integrate resources from productions with restricted buffers, whose properties had been efficiently changed by blocking, was also a crucial extension. By developing the speculative optimization models guidance was provided where to give effort on direct improvements for a particular state of system parameters. This was done as the timing and amount of development had been obtained in uncertainty. Lastly, different realistic models for improvement incorporated, had allowed the lot sizes to get reduced (Godinho Filho Uzsoy, 2014). Going with the Proscis taxonomy for the scoping of readiness to change, the scopes along with its impacts and examples had been like the following: Identifying the need for change- It had helped to recognize the external or internal stimulus leading to a change requirement that like the strategic planning, customer inputs, financial results, internal performance, regulatory changes, competitive threats and new business opportunities. Development and design of solutions- It left its impact make a solution needed to develop the overall performance based on identification like offering of new service and process design (Kumar Schmitz, 2011). Management of projects- It had helped in managing the budget, resources, scopes of technical design, tasks and implementation like the reporting of project, tracking and schedule development, planning of project and project oversight. Change management- It had encouraged the employees quickly, proficiently and totally make the changes needed in their every-day tasks like performance measurement, readiness assessments and resistance management (Kerzner, 2013). Evaluation of the Outcomes with Examples: The outcomes of readiness for developing business development through continuous process improvement under the light of process improvement, were the most trivially theorized and studied aspect, in which the social cognitive theory had suggested that when the readiness became highest, the members had been more likely to impose changes like practices, procedures and policies (Vakola, 2014). The process improvement, if asked to evaluate according to professional and personal experiences the instruments best fitting the structure of readiness to change could be like According to Dean Anderson and Linda Acherman Anderson, two professionals on organizational change having the experience of over thirty years had suggested successful models that had been very much different from the previous fundamental models. They had considered the change process not to be a linear one. It was because of the fact that the individuals did not follow a straight line while implementing, maintaining and understanding changes (Tudor, 2014). Let the example of tourism industry be taken. According to Joseph Lema, assistant professor of hospitality management program, having more than ten years of experience in the casino and hotel industry, the competitiveness of the tourism organizations had been the outcome of the skills and capability of the employees to quickly adjust the change. As a result of this the responsibility to perform had highly shifted toward the self directedness (Torres et al., 2015). Another model from professional experience was suggested by John Kotter on 1995, a very influential identity from this field. His model was the very first one to focus the vitality of leadership in implementation of a process improvement successfully. It not only thought out reference for every model to be subsequently developed, but also for the changes of leader, professional or manager (Kotter, 2013). Warren Bennis,a distinguished professor on business administration, had claimed on fashion industry that the changes might be introduced keeping the employees aware, because, if the changes were imposed slowly, it might had gone unnoticed or the company might become used to, to the gradual change. In the other case, when the changes were so gradual that the people could not realize it, they continued to behave in the previous way (Bennis, 2013). Conclusion: The report had discussed about the outcomes developing a theoretical connection between the implementation of research and theory and readiness for change of an organization. It had gone through the determinate that had illuminated the basis of several strategies but it might not be necessary to analyze theoretically, how the planning worked. The theories explored had gone through focusing on the distinction between the desired and present levels of performance, arising disapproval and many other factors, or in other words, by improving the degrees up to which the members acquire changes required worthwhile or important. Finally it should be reminded, that the way of thinking might had been best suited where behavior changes occurred coordinating and collectively not only for the organizational change but also for the changes to create anticipated advantages. References: Abdulkadhim, H., Bahari, M., Bakri, A., Ismail, W. (2015). A Research Framework Of Electronic Document Management Systems (Edms) Implementation Process In Government.Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology,81(3), 420. Ates, A., Bititci, U. (2011). Change process: a key enabler for building resilient SMEs.International Journal of Production Research,49(18), 5601-5618. Bamford, D., Forrester, P. (2010).Essential guide to operations management: concepts and case notes. John Wiley Sons. Bennis, W. (2013). Leadership in a digital world: embracing transparency and adaptive capacity.Mis Quarterly,37(2), 635-636. Godinho Filho, M., Uzsoy, R. (2014). Assessing the impact of alternative continuous improvement programmes in a flow shop using system dynamics.International Journal of Production Research,52(10), 3014-3031. Kerzner, H. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Kumar, S., Schmitz, S. (2011). Managing recalls in a consumer product supply chainroot cause analysis and measures to mitigate risks.International Journal of Production Research,49(1), 235-253. Kotter, J. (2013). Management is (still) not leadership.Harvard Business Review,9. Madsen, S. R., John, C. R., Miller, D. (2014). Readiness for Change. Sanchez, L. Blanco, B. (2014) Three decades of continuous improvement, Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 25 (9/10) pp. 986-1001. Torres, E. N., Stylos, N., Gallarza, M. G., McGinley, S. P. (2015). CrossRef citations Altmetric.Journal of Hospitality Marketing Management. Tudor, L. (2014, November). Change managementchallenge and opportunity for sustainable development of Romanian companies. InProceedings of the International Management Conference, Faculty of Management, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania(Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 466-476). Vakola, M. (2014). What's in there for me? Individual readiness to change and the perceived impact of organizational change.Leadership Organization Development Journal,35(3), 195-209

Sunday, April 12, 2020

Naming Middle East Outline

Table of Contents Introduction Geographic Limitation Preservation of the Middle East Identity Relationship with the Rest of Asia Effect of Name Change on the Economy Conclusion References Introduction Geographically, Middle East is in West Asia. People have traditionally used the term ‘West Asia’ to differentiate the region with the Eastern part of Asia. However, ethnically, the Middle East is different from other parts of Asia because of its high Arab population.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Naming Middle East: Outline specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More From this notable difference, the Middle East has defined its identity from the rest of the Asian continent. Nonetheless, there are calls to rename Middle East as West Asia because of its significance in the Asian continent, and its geographic position in the same region (Telhami, 2002). This paper opposes this view by proposing three r easons for the preservation of the Middle East name. First, the extension of Middle East into Asia and Africa shows that Middle East is not exclusively part of the Asian peninsular. Secondly, this paper suggests that Middle East has its unique identity, which differentiates the region from other parts of Asia, like China or India. Therefore, if Middle East is renamed West Asia, the region may lose its identity. Lastly, this paper acknowledges that the social and economic relation between Middle East and the rest of Asia is strong, but this relationship is insufficient to warrant the renaming of Middle East as West Asia. Comprehensively, there are significant geographic, social, political, and economic differences between Middle East and the rest of Asia, which suggest the preservation of the Middle East name. Geographic Limitation Traditionally, the Middle East comprises of many countries that stretch across several parts of North Africa and West Asia. Therefore, besides the common Middle East countries such as Jordan, Kuwait, and Lebanon (located in West Asia), there are other traditional Middle East countries such as Egypt, Tunisia, and Libya, which are located in Northern Africa. Therefore, the distributions of Middle East countries stretch across two continents. It would therefore be incorrect to rename Middle East as West Asia because North Africa is also part of the Middle East. Moreover, Africa is an independent continent that has its geographic boundaries, which is independent of Asia. The conception of the ‘West Asia’ name is therefore narrow because it fails to capture the full scope of the Middle East region. Preservation of the Middle East Identity Middle East has a special identity that differentiates the region from other parts of the world. Its identity not only cuts across its social and political spheres, but also its geographic and economic makeup. For example, Middle Eastern people dress differently from other countries around t he world (not only in Asia).Advertising Looking for research paper on geography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For example, women wear the Niqab as a respectable formal wear in the region (Omair, 2009, p. 412). Other parts of Asia (such as India) adopt a different style of clothing. Middle East architecture is also different from other parts of Asia. For example, Middle East architecture greatly differs from Chinese architecture. These differences show the varied identities of Middle Eastern people and the rest of the Asian continent. These differences are deeper while analyzing religion, lifestyle, and politics. Therefore, after considering the significant differences between these two regions, it is crucial to preserve the Middle East identity. It is also incorrect to change the name of Middle East to west Asia. Relationship with the Rest of Asia Molavi (2011) says that the trade between the Arab world (GCC countries) and the rest of Asia supersedes the level of trade in the Middle East region. Molavi (2011) estimates the trade between Asia and the rest of the Middle East to peak during 2017 (observers estimate that Asia will be Middle East’s biggest trading partner). To this extent, some people have voiced their suggestions to rename Middle East as West Asia. However, the strong trade relation between Middle East and the rest of Asia does not provide sufficient grounds to warrant a name change. Comparatively, many other regions around the world have strong trade relations, but they do not consider a name change because of their strong trade ties. For example, there is an increased volume of trade between China and America. In fact, billions of dollars in trade revolve between the two countries alone (Morris, 2001). The strong trade relation between China and America has however not warranted a name change from either of the two trading partners. Therefore, it is incorrect to claim a name chan ge for Middle East, just because it shares a cordial trade relationship with the rest of Asia. Effect of Name Change on the Economy From the growth of globalization, regional economic dynamics spread fast among different countries. Therefore, if Middle East changes its name to West Asia, it may suffer the same economic fortunes as the rest of the continent. For example, developed countries allocate aid to regions and continents around the globe. A name change would therefore mean that Middle East has to share the same aid as Asia. This would undermine its economic prospects. Conclusion The effect of a name change on the Middle East would be profound. Traditionally, the world has understood Middle East as a region with unique economic, social, and political dynamics. This paper identifies that these unique attributes of the region may disappear with a name change.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Naming Middle East: Outline specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, Middle East is slowly making a name for itself as a global economic powerhouse. This trend has seen Middle East develop close ties with the rest of Asia. However, if the region loses its identity, it may lose its economic dominance in regional trade. Lastly, it makes no sense renaming Middle East as West Asia, while a large portion of the region is not even in Asia. Comprehensively, these dynamics show that Middle East should preserve its identity. References Molavi, A. (2011). ‘Middle East’ Is Pulled Towards Asia By Economics And Affinity. Retrieved from https://www.thenational.ae/middle-east-is-pulled-towards-asia-by-economics-and-affinity-1.404925 Morris, D. (2001). China: The Bitter Roots Of Foreign Trade Through The Eyes Of Asian Culture. Journal of Global Competitiveness, 11(2), 25 – 38. Omair, K. (2009). Arab women managers and identity formation through clothing.  Gender in Management: An In ternational Journal, 24(6), 412 – 431. Telhami, S. (2002). Identity and Foreign Policy in the Middle East. New York: Cornell University Press. This research paper on Naming Middle East: Outline was written and submitted by user Tarot to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tuesday, March 10, 2020

The eNotes Blog New! eNotes Goodies Homepage, iOS App, andDashboard

New! Goodies Homepage, iOS App, andDashboard New Homepage Not only are we busy writing new study guides, answering hundreds of questions per day, and meticulously conquering comma splices, weve also been sprucing up key areas of our site.  An overarching goal is to always be making even easier to use and more valuable to our users (sheesh, humblebrag much?), so were excited to show off these new and improved items. This November were rolling out a brand-new  homepage, iOS app, and user dashboard. Hopefully all  bug-free, Kafkaesque or otherwise. New Homepage You know that antsy feeling when immediate surroundings are unchanging and repetitive, day-in and day-out? The only solution, aside from maybe a Hawaiian-beach vacation, of course, is to rearrange the furniture and recharge that furnishing. We knew we were long overdue for a shakeup (and probably a Hawaiian-beach vacation). Since weve been evolving a bit over the years by helping students with more than just book analyses, we felt it was finally time to fully embrace this  (buzzword warning🚠¨) slight pivot. Dont worry. Our souls will always be rooted in book-wormy bedrock. But since our expanding services of speedy, one-on-one Homework Help has been growing rapidly since its launch, we simply want you to know you can get help with not just  any book, but with  any question,  too! Head over to our new homepage → New iOS App Our new iOS app has all the study guide and Homework Help content you need to get help fast. With just a few taps you can save study guides, ask questions, and take quizzes. Its free, its easy, andwhat more can we say? Its an app- you know what to do. Download the new iOS app → New User Dashboard And finally, after listening to feedback from thousands of eNoters, we are excited to unveil an improved user dashboard. The goal of this overhaul is to make managing your account easier and  getting the help you need speedier. The new dashboard is your own private workstation to better keep tabs on questions asked, study guides or lesson plans downloaded, and quizzes taken. Log in now and see for yourself → Wed love to hear any feedback or answer any questions on these new items, so feel free to contact us or leave a comment below!

Sunday, February 23, 2020

Human beings' activity with global warming Essay

Human beings' activity with global warming - Essay Example The most notable of all greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide, which has the capability to continue being in the atmosphere for a lengthy time span. It is a scientifically proven fact that this gas could bring about a noteworthy rise in the temperature. At this point, it is but obvious to raise the question â€Å"No doubt, carbon dioxide is a very potent gas; but how are human beings responsible for rise in the levels of this gas?† The subsequent paragraph would be attempting to answer this. (1) Human beings, purely for furthering their own interests, have brought about a drastic rise in the levels at which fossil fuels are combusted. This has been for the purposes of generating electricity, heating, transportation and cement manufacturing, among many others. It is being estimated that, on account of all these activities, the annual carbon dioxide emissions are approximately 22 billion tons, on a global basis. Almost as a direct result of that, the atmospheric concentration of ca rbon dioxide has risen by roughly thirty percent. As a matter of fact, these facts are more than sufficient to convince even the most skeptical that it is nothing other than human activity predominantly responsible for heightened global warming. (1) Scientists have estimated that during the course of the last century, there has been a rise in temperature of surface of Earth to the extent of one degree Fahrenheit. The fact has been highlighted that in this very duration there is also a 25 percent increase in the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. It has been mentioned earlier in the write-up that the enhanced levels of carbon dioxide are chiefly attributable to various human activities. Extensive studies aimed at understanding the link between the above rise in temperature and increase in carbon dioxide concentration came out with a key observation: human activity is mainly responsible for the scenario where the Planet has become warmer. (2) Simultaneously, the scientist s also suggested that even some natural parameters could have played a role in global warming. In fact, with regard to the pattern of global warming, the scientists have divided the previous century into two halves. They state that, when the warming of the first half is taken into account, the natural factors must have been primarily responsible for the advent of the phenomenon. This is because; in that particular phase, various human activities resulting in carbon dioxide emissions were on the lower side. But when the second half of the century (1900-2000) is considered, it is but obvious that human beings are the chief contributors to the rise in global warming. In this period, the diverse commercial pursuits of people have led to an alarming rise in the levels of carbon dioxide emissions, and this is a fact beyond any dispute. So, it can safely be inferred that the natural parameters did not have a major role in global warming, with regard to the second part (of the century). (3) The following are some of the activities that have led to the advent of a scenario where, there is a disturbing rise in the greenhouse emissions: various agricultural practices,

Friday, February 7, 2020

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Ethics - Essay Example George is responsible for poor time management that forced him to drive above the speed limit, causing the officer to stop him and give him a ticket. His son is part of the problem because of his illness, and George wants to get him home as soon as possible for him to rest. The officer is at fault for forcing George to go down to the station. He may be exercising his duties in a manner that suggests that he would like a financial favor from George, causing him (George) to resent him and waste more time. Regarding the problem, the officer could allow George to pay the ticket the following day, when it is convenient for everybody (given that it is a Sunday). George can report to the station after taking his family home, where he can request to watch the playoffs, as he pays the ticket. The third solution is to pay the bribe and each party of the problem is satisfied (and saving on time). Though it is unethical, my solution would be to pay the bribe. The main problem is time, and the officer offering the bribe that will allow George to attend to his son and watch the playoffs, will benefit everyone involved. It is unlawful to carry out corrupt acts, however in a situation that concerns health it is an ideal solution. It will serve as a reminder on the importance of time management. George should pay the cost for poor time

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Role of Teacher Essay Example for Free

Role of Teacher Essay Teachers instill a want for learning within the student while formulating a structured path for the student to succeed. The role of a teacher is to stimulate this want to learn, while providing the necessary tools and guidance for the student. The classroom should be a learning environment that students are excited to participate in because the desire to learn is exemplified by the teacher. The best teachers I’ve had have instilled this desire to learn through a number of different skills working cohesively to help guide me through the educational process. These teachers had the greatest impact on me because they took my desire for learning personally, and did all they could to ensure the best possible learning environment. When learning is enjoyable, the likely hood of students continuing to learn independently of the teacher increases. Some of the skills that helped create this environment included patience, organization, awareness, encouragement, and an open mind. The best teacher I’ve ever had utilized all these skills, and I remember her from my freshman year of high school. I had ADHD as a teenager, and had trouble sitting still to say the least. My math teacher had the patience to work with me, while managing and guiding the rest of the students in the class. She developed a unique way to grasp my attention while other teachers could not, and her class ended up being the most exciting class in my high school career. Her awareness of my unique situation and having the patience and open mind to try teaching differently was what inspired my love of math. I received my highest grade that semester in her class because the desire to learn the subject came from within, but was exemplified by the teacher. She would not have been able to manage the entire classroom with this unique approach without organization and encouragement of each individual student. A few of these skills can make a good teacher, but a great teacher uses all of their s kills cohesively to create a positive interactive learning environment. The worst teacher I’ve experienced had a personal goal to be the hardest teacher on campus, rather than the greatest. Being a hard teacher doesn’t ensure a students success, and can deter the student from wanting to learn. A great teacher understands the needs of all their students, while working with their students to learn. When focusing on becoming the hardest teacher, unrealistic goals and expectations are set that can take away from the confidence of the student as well as the approachability of the teacher.  This creates a gap in the teacher – student relationship that can be detrimental to learning. While I learned a lot from a teacher who tried to be the hardest, they didn’t create a desire for me to learn. The class turned into a workbook, rather than a learning experience. While some subjects are naturally harder than others, I believe they an be approached uniquely and can be taught in a way that makes sense to any student given the right patience. This teacher was an exceptionally brilliant math professor, however – his class average was a failing grade which he was proud of. If the class average is failing, then he’s not teaching to the whole of the class or looking at the students individually. It’s possible to teach a hard subject in a way that the core ideas and theories can be grasped by al l the students and individually helped as necessary. It’s not one quality that sets a good teacher apart from another, but a number of qualities working together that create the right experience. When looking at the list in section 1.2, all of these are qualities of a good teacher. However, the number of qualities that make a great teacher is far too long to list. It’s instead, how well the teacher uses each of these qualities cohesively in and outside the classroom environment. These qualities include patience, approachability, confidence, awareness, and an open mind. These qualities are a complete necessity to the success in a teaching role.

Monday, January 20, 2020

Student Democratic Party Platform Essay -- Political Science Politics

Preamble As we look back upon the 20th Century we see the birth of American prominence. The century is marked with glorious American achievements ranging from the birth of the Space Age to the development of the Information Age. Now, as we venture through the new millennium, the potential of further American prosperity is enormous. At times this journey will be a perilous quest, but with valiant leadership this nation shall flourish. Only the Democratic Party is prepared to guide America towards this future. Under the watchful guidance of President Bill Clinton and the Democratic Party, America is finally moving in the right direction. In 1996, we, the Democratic Party, adopted and enacted a platform that has reinvigorated the American spirit of opportunity, responsibility, and community within our national character. Along with the hard work and determination of the American public this nation has achieved an unprecedented level of prosperity. Currently, the American economy is on a record setting pace that is continuously strengthening our economic security. The level of unemployment in America is at a record low. Almost every able-body American is on the job working towards their American dream, and we, the Democratic Party, will not be satisfied until everyone can enjoy their American dream. Through Democratic leadership the quality of life in America has vastly improved. America’s education system is improving, the environment is cleaner, families are healthier, and our streets are safer. Today, any American can claim that their lives are better off than they were 8 years ago. All across America the success of the Democratic Party platform can be seen. But we want more. The Democratic Party is determined to giv... ... first two years of college are free at any State or City University. This will result in a stronger economy and nation because as a whole society, we are strengthening the knowledge of our youth. A substantial amount of Americans are without health insurance. We propose tax credits for small businesses that provide health insurance, retirement benefits, and employment and internships to students. We also propose that tax credits be given to businesses that practice clean air and environmental safety. We believe that our youth is a key concern of the nation and we need to set certain measures to make them feel safe and secure as Americans. A measure that we feel that needs to be taken is to raise taxes on such products as cigarettes and guns. The Democratic Party believes in helping American families economically and socially through more equitable tax benefits.

Sunday, January 12, 2020

Beowulf Essay

In the epic poem â€Å"Beowulf†, the poet presents both the elements courage and cowardice. These elements are very important and show up continuously throughout the poem. Although the poem is mainly about heroic battles, there are also many cowardly acts among the villagers. The poet significantly develops courage throughout the poem. It is shown when Beowulf challenges Grendel to a battle and ends up defeating him. It is stated that Beowulf fought without any armor and still won. Once done with the fight, he is faced with another battle which is Grendel’s mother. After a tough and long fight, Beowulf ends up winning as well. The brave and courageous thing about Beowulf is that he is willing to do anything and fight for his people, he gives it all his strength to save his village. For example, the challenge with Grendel started because he was terrorizing the Danes. Another example of courage in the poem is when Beowulf fights the dragon, it is clear that this is one of his toughest battles but he cares for his people and puts himself in danger. Beowulf accomplishes a lot for the survival of the Danes and the Geats. On the other hand, cowardice is also shown in the poem through Unferth. Unferth does not want to live under the â€Å"courageous† culture that is so popular in many men anymore. By this, he is letting so much happen to his kingdom and doesn’t care. The most coward thing that Unferth does is give away his sword, it was known back then that a virtuous warrior never parted from his sword. Just like Beowulf is very brave, he has his bad moment as well, he doesn’t want to admit that his time has come and that he is too old to fight the dragon. But the people in Geats show cowardice by not helping their king on his battle. Instead, they hide and just watch not even helping their king who has done so much for them. In conclusion, the epic poem â€Å"Beowulf† may have many brave people but it also shows how some throw away their position as king or do not want to fight for their people anymore, as well as the inconsiderate villagers. Both courage and cowardice are very well portrayed in the poem.

Saturday, January 4, 2020

The Application of Virtual Reality in the Construction Industry Report

Introduction Virtual reality abbreviated as VR is a computer way of making imaginary things look like they are real. In this case, a simulation software is used which tends to make things look as if they are real even though they are not. Virtual reality involves the creation of animated and three dimensional objects which are then operated via a simulation software. Virtual reality can be applied in different fields of construction. It has several advantages and many firms are employing its use in their day to day activities in the firm. Several design works can be achieved through the use of virtual reality. (Howard 1992) Virtual reality involves the use of computer for modeling which may enable a person to interact with an artificial environment. The artificial environment is computer generated. In virtual reality, only two human senses are involved and they include the vision and the hearing sense. (Nobert 1988) The computer software for virtual reality must be kept up to date and try to imitate the real environment as much as possible. The main essence of virtual reality is to have an environment that resembles as much as possible the real environment. Failure to which the aspect of virtual reality will have not been realized.   (Howard 1992) History Basically from the name, real time has been used to refer to systems which are fast. They are compared with a clock in their execution. A system can only be referred to as real time if they meet their time constraints. In real time simulation, all the execution are meant to take place at the very time the process is being executed (Paul et al, 1987) Background for real time simulation Evolution Real time simulation has evolved in the recent past step by step with the evolution of computing technologies. The computing technology has improved greatly thus the improvements and evolution of the real time technology and a result a decrease in the cost and an increase in performance. The systems which were used when virtual reality was first discovered has undergone a stream of changes and improvements are still being realized in the construction industry. (Howard 1992) The construction industry has had several versions of virtual reality which include; different versions of AUTOCAD, coreldraw and other design software. The implementation of the virtual reality has had several advantages in the construction industry as it helps in saving costs and ensuring efficient representation of the prototypes. This also helps in decision making as the outcomes are first predicted before they are implemented. (Paul et al, 1987) There are several aspects that have to work hand in hand in order to ensure a success of virtual reality. They include the hardware, software and the operator. The operator The operator also needs to understand that the environment is just being imitated and not that it is the real environment. He/she therefore need not to expect perfection even though the system will try to perfect the situation but it is very hard to achieve. (Nobert 1988) Hardware Virtual reality is influenced with a variety of hardware which include the input devices and out put devices. The devices are designed in such a way that they tend to depict the sense of natural interaction.   (Bennet 1987) Software The virtual reality software are designed so as to provide the actual operation of an environment so as to achieve its reality nature. The hardware cannot operate on their own but there must be some special kind of software which will be used in their operation. (Paul et al, 1987) Background of virtual reality Virtual reality has been existing since time immemorial. It is not a new subject in the computing or construction industry. The first person to introduce virtual reality was Ivan Sutherland who introduced some concepts about immersion in a simulated world. (Sutherland IV, 1965). The main challenge in the implementation of virtual reality is to make the world sound real and look real. (Howard 1992) The main goal of virtual reality is to have the user fit in a loop of real time simulation. This is however not easily achievable. Some of the things that are required in order to realize this aspect include: User input – These are the channels that allow for the interaction between humans and the environment. A person can feed information into the computer system through the use of the user input and then wait for the response which in most cases should be real time. Sensory feedback: Our senses are used to realize this. The senses involved here are our vision and the hearing sense which tend to grasp the imitation of the real environment with the simulating machine. (John 2000) Benefits of real time simulation It offers the ability to test equipments that would cause damage to equipment or personnel. It offers the ability to test systems where there are no prototypes existing There is overall reduction in costs especially in the later phases of development It offers the ability to test systems at any time of the day without any form of hindrance. (Nobert 1988) Applications of virtual reality in construction Training personnel: Virtual reality can be used training personnel who are to work in dangerous environments. This is very useful especially in the construction industry where some environments may be considered risky. Training on safety precautions can be done using this method. It can also be used for simulating the training equipments especially when the equipment is expensive to acquire. There are some materials and training equipments which are expensive and not every firm can afford them. Having a simulator can help achieve the overall goal of training even without acquiring the real equipment. Some examples of workers who can also be trained using virtual reality include pilots and medical practitioners for conducting new medical/ surgical procedures.   (John 2000) Prototype design for new products: The virtual reality can be used to carry out a market survey for a new product and predict the possible customer reaction before trying the new product in reality. (John 2000) Entertainment: Virtual reality is used in designing gaming software so as to imitate the real gaming environment as much as possible. (John 2000) Development of virtual reality environments can make a very significance impact on how projects can be successfully completed in a construction industry. The techniques of Virtual reality have proved to have the potentiality of   enhancing efficiency and effectiveness of all the stages in a project. The virtual reality helps in laying down an organized process for the construction activity, these include: design, planning all the way to completion of the construction. Real time simulation This is an aspect of a computer property that makes it execute an action at the same time with a clock. It implies that there is no delay in the execution of the process. Once the process is complete then the computer program should also be in the position to have completed the execution. (John 2000) Software tools available for real time simulation There are several software tools which enable real time simulation and ensure that information is passed immediately a process is executed. However, most of these software for achieving virtual reality are difficult to design. Systems which support virtual reality can be subdivided into two: Toolkits These are in form of libraries with predetermined instructions. They provide a set of functions which are used to support the creation of a virtual reality application. Authoring systems These are programs which are complete with several interfaces for creating the virtual environment. They include scripting languages and other platforms which can enable the creation of the virtual environment. There are no systems designed yet which has the capabilities of supporting the virtual reality environment alone. Several systems have to be joined together in order to provide the capabilities of the virtual environment. Software tools available for real time simulation Some of the software tools which are available for simulation include: Screen capture Electronic performance support Assima Datango Install shieldcaptivate View let viewer Rapid builder (Nobert 1988) There are several other software tools which are available in the simulation environment. Some of which have not been fully exploited. Difference between real time simulations and other forms of visualization used in the construction industry include: Its application is usually mission oriented They are usually executed at the same time with the clock. Execution is done immediately. In real time simulation, deadline must be met regardless of the load in the system. Limitations of the simulation models There are several limitations that are found in the simulation model. These are due to the fact that achieving a complete and a perfectly simulated environment is not easy to achieve. Some of the limitations include: Lack of noisy data in the environment Most of the sensors tend to pick unnecessary data from the environment which in turn affect the overall performance of the system. This makes it very difficult to train the system so as to understand what kind of data to pick and which ones not to pick. The environment has too much noise and it becomes hard for the system to filter only the useful data for its operation. Incomplete and inaccurate Models There are situations in the real world which are very hard to emulate. This poses a major problem of achieving a perfect system to emulate the environment and make the situation look real. Lots of time for training a system For a system to operate almost perfectly, several tests have to be done. The tests come with some predetermined conditions which are used to set the system. A lot of time is wasted in trying to train the system so as to react positively to the set conditions and give the desired results. (Paul et al 1987). Case studies Case 1: Airport Construction San Francisco Airport Virtual reality has been implemented in San Francisco Airport. The use of virtual reality made it possible for people to know the types of machines they were about to encounter and   how to use them. The use of virtual reality also helped the constructors to put down the materials they would require before the commencement of the project. This also helped a great deal in ensuring that the project did not stop due to the absence of enough raw materials once the construction work had commenced. Figure 1 Source: Bechtel Briefs, 2007 Figure 1 shows how the airport was to be constructed. It also shows the position and the lengths of the runways. Virtual reality helped in the implementation of the project and to determine whether the project was viable and whether the airport could operate as proposed. Figure 2 Source: Bechtel Briefs, 2007 Figure 2 above shows the actual construction of the airport structures. It helps in determining the quantity of materials required and estimating the overall cost of the project. Case 2: New School of Environmental Technology in FUTA Akure The Building was first designed using virtual reality.   It gave the constructors and designers an opportunity to rehearse the construction of the facility in a 3 D interactive and immersive environment. This helps in increasing the conception of the design and improves the constructability of the project. We are going to base our research on a recent successful application of virtual reality in the Federal University of Technology Akure (FUTA) where virtual reality was implemented and gave very good results. This made it possible to represent a three dimensional space realistically (Burdea, 2003). In FUTA, virtual reality was used in the design of New School of environmental Technology. It helped in ensuring a timely construction and the materials required for the project was accurately estimated. this resulted into an overall reduction in costing. Conclusion Virtual reality has undergone a series of changes in its development. It has taken several years to reach the current stage that the aspect of virtual reality has reached. It is still undergoing some improvements in order to realize its perfection. The advantages that come along with virtual reality has made its use very significant especially in the construction industry. Changes are being made in the industry and exhausting the capabilities of virtual reality is far from being reached. As days progress many innovations in the computer field are being realized which have a direct relationship with the improvements being realized in the construction industry in terms of efficiency and reduction in cost. (John 2000) References Burdea G. Coiffet P. 2003. â€Å"Virtual Reality technology, â€Å" Second Edition, John Wiley Sons. Howard R 1992 ‘Virtual Reality: The revolutionary Technology of Computer-Generated Artificial Worlds – and how it promises to Transform Society.   Simon and Schister Publishers. John VN 2000.   ‘ The Computer and the Brain. ‘ Yale University Press. Michael H 1994. ‘The Metaphysics of Virtual Reality,’ Oxford University Press. Michael LB 1992 ‘Cyber Space: First Steps.’ The MIT Press. Michael LB 2000 ‘ Virtual Realism’ Oxford University Press. Norbert W 1988 ‘ The Human of Human Beings: Cybernetics and Society,’ Da Capo Press. Paul B Bennet LF Linus ES, 1987 ‘A Guide to Simulation,’ Springer Publishers. http://www.bechtel.com/may_2007.html